Steve Jobs Leadership Essay - 1064 Words

Some would say that Steve Jobs, co-founder of Apple Computers Inc., was an exceptional leader. However, there are many who would disagree with that statement. Jobs could define leadership in some aspects, yet he fell short in others. Jobs’ leadership style is difficult to pin down because his position fit very many styles. Steve Jobs co-founded Apple in 1976 and in 1984 he created the Macintosh, the first small computer with a graphic interface. Unfortunately in 1985 Jobs was forced to leave after an internal power struggle with the companies CEO. Jobs later returned to a struggling Apple after 12 years and turned the company around. During the 12 years he was away, Steve Jobs created successful companies such as Pixar and NeXT. Pixar†¦show more content†¦One of Jobs’ greatest quotes on leadership is â€Å"Innovation distinguishes between a leader and a follower† (Jobs, 2006). Steve Jobs’ leadership style is very difficult to clearly identify. Jobs’ characteristics and traits sporadically fit into different leadership styles. Jobs would be classified as an autocratic leader, he tells people what to do, asserting themselves, and serving as a model team member. Jobs was definitely not a democratic leader, it has been said that Jobs hated team meetings and was rather rude when employees spoke their mind. Steve Jobs could also be classified as entrepreneurial, despite the fact that he is a multibillionaire, his work ethic never changed. Andrew Dubrin defines an entrepreneur as â€Å"someone with a strong will for achievement and a sensible risk taking, high degree of enthusiasm, tendency to act quickly on opportunity, being impatient, visionary, amongst others† (Dubrin, 2010). Dubrin’s definition describes Steve Jobs to a tee. A transformational leader is one who â€Å"brings about major, positive change for the group, organization or society† (Dubrin, 2010). Jobs’ leadership showed many similarities to a transformational leader except one, Jobs lacked the humane qualities necessary. Jobs’ could also be considered a charismatic leader. Steve’s exceptional ability to captivate his audience during a speech is the time his charisma can be clearly seen. Jobs could fit himself intoShow MoreRelatedSteve Jobs Leadership3274 Words   |  14 PagesMG203 LEADING IN A COMPLEX WORLD LEADERSHIP ESSAY ASSIGNMENT 2010-2011 Student details Family name: Aitken First Name: DavidRegistration number: 200915741 Word count (excluding cover page, instructions and references): 2748 Steve Jobs is the CEO at Apple. Jobs founded Apple in 1976, and the company has developed into a major force within the electronics industry. Much of the success of the company has been due to the leadership of Steve Jobs. He has the personal attributes which are neededRead MoreLeadership : Steve Jobs1426 Words   |  6 PagesLeadership – Steve Jobs Robbins, DeCenzo and Coulter state that the behavioral theories of leadership approach would provide more definitive answers about the nature of leadership (301). In this paper, we will use behavioral theories from different authors to analyze a few events in the life of Apple’s former CEO, Steve Jobs. Steve Jobs was the mastermind who created Apple and helped shape half a dozen industries – personal computers (the Macintosh and iMac), music sales (iPod and iTunes), computerRead MoreLeadership Style Of Steve Jobs2042 Words   |  9 Pages 21st Century Leadership Name: Institutional Affiliation: 21st Century Leadership Overall leadership style(s) of Steve Jobs According to Williams (2014) Achievement-oriented leadership refers to a leadership style through which the leader often sets goals that are challenging and sets high expectations for the staff. Moreover, the leaders exhibit confidence that the workforce shall assume total responsibility and as a result put forward extraordinary effort while performing aRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs Essay1721 Words   |  7 Pages Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billion at the time of his death. Jobs intuitively understood the power of cultural influence in sustaining the strategic capabilities implicit in his perpetual vision ofRead MoreLeadership Steve Jobs Essay1004 Words   |  5 Pages Steve Jobs Outline Michael Spellberg Critical Thinking amp; Problem-Solving August 10, 2014 Professor Ketsia Mcclease DeVry University Steve Jobs Outline I.Introduction   The greatest visionary and leader the late Steve Jobs, he revolutionized the world with his innovations and leadership, he was the leader who brought PC to the mass business sector, then happened to make music players and cell telephones that consumer cherished. His small telephones were packed with so much processingRead MoreLeadership Analysis : Steve Jobs923 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership â€Å"the ability to make sound decisions and inspire others to perform well. Effective leaders are able to set and achieve challenging goals, to take swift and decisive action, even in difficult situations, to outperform their competition, to take calculated risks and to persevere in the face of failure†(investopedia).Throughout history there has been many leaders from Martin Luther King, Napoleon Bonaparte, Bill Gates, and Steve jobs that has shown good communication skills, confidence inRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs Essay1717 Words   |  7 Pages â€Å"Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billion at the time of his death.†(Hom , 2013) Jobs intuitively understood the power of cultural influence in sustaining the strategic capabilities implicit in his perpetualRead MoreSteve Jobs : Leadership Qualities1703 Words   |  7 Pagesleaders, it would be difficult to overlook Steve Jobs, former CEO of Apple, Inc. There is argument regarding whether individuals are born with leadership qualities or if they are learned over time. Whether innate or learned, Steve Jobs was exhibiting leadership qualities at a young age. Steven Paul Jobs was born in San Francisco in 1955. Given up for adoption by his biological parents, he was adopted by Paul and Clara Ja cobs of San Francisco. Steve and his adoptive parents moved to a suburbanRead MoreLeadership Style Of Steve Jobs1149 Words   |  5 PagesSTEVE JOBS The aim of this essay is to basically dissect the leadership style of Steve Jobs in accomplishing results. Steve Jobs was an American businessman, an early proponent of (PCs) and a social symbol. He’s best known for his two wildly successful tenures as co-founder and CEO of Apple. In 2011,  he had a net worth of $10.2 billion.  Throughout the years, his visionary ideas and close attention to detail were instrumental to the products that Apple would go on to create during his tenure, includingRead MoreThe Leadership Style Of Steve Jobs1426 Words   |  6 Pages Steve Jobs was a computer designer, executive and innovator, as well as an all-around role model for many people in both their businesses and their personal lives. As the cofounder of Apple Computers and former CEO of Pixar Animation Studios, he revolutionized the computer and animation industries, amassing a fortune worth $10.2 billion at the time of his death. Jobs intuitively understood the power of cultural infl uence in sustaining the strategic capabilities implicit in his perpetual vision of

Sociological Imagination And Its Impact On Society

The notion of Sociological Imagination was created by C. Wright Mills and he wrote that the task of sociology was to recognize the relationship between individuals and the society in which they live in. Sociological Imagination can explain why a lifetime is lived through your own decisions, accomplishments and failures. It is a way for a person to look at their life as an outcome with their contact with the world. The textbook clarifies that,† The Sociological Imagination is defined as the ability to see the societal patterns that influence the individual as well as groups of individuals. (Andersen, Howard, Logio, 2015)Society has two major problems. The first are personal problems which is experienced by a huge population of people in†¦show more content†¦The couple may have an inability to resolve conflicts and they will experience different priorities and interests which will inevitably grow them apart. Siegfriedt states,† Seeing my own marriage and divorce a s not an isolated personal event but instead a part of the larger social world, I can explore my own experience in relation to the social context of marriage and divorce in society.† Society has changed throughout the years and this is why divorce is happening frequently. Women today have more job opportunities and they can have a stable income without their significant other. Women can raise a family on their own and can have the top position at a business corporation. The article also discusses a collectivist and individualist standpoints. â€Å"From a collectivist standpoint, the structural arrangement of marriage and its meaning has changed over time. We have redefined marriage from an economic necessity to a personal decision based on love and fulfillment. From an individualist perspective, marriage can be considered the ultimate of interactions between two individuals. It is seen as an individual s choice based on the compatibility, love, and personal fulfillment of two people.† The perspectives of marriage have changed overtime which can lead to divorce. What is race and why is it is a crucial subject in our society today? Race is a class of people often on the origin ofShow MoreRelatedSociological Imagination And Its Impact On Society Essay1204 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The sociological imagination is the point at which an individual perspectives his general public as the potential reason for his day-by-day triumphs and disappointments. People regularly tend to see their own issues as social issues and attempt to interface their individual encounters with the workings of society. The sociological creative ability tries to think of foundations for certain social patterns and gives a structure to fathoming the social world. Having a sociological creative abilityRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination And Me Essay1343 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sociological Imagination and Me Charles Wright Mills was a writer, a researcher, a teacher, a scholar and a well known sociologist. He was the author of the 1959 book, The Sociological Imagination. This book was poorly received by the sociological community at first, but it is one of the most widely read sociological texts today. The Sociological Imagination and Mills’ other works have had an immense impact on sociology, as he influenced many other scholars and the â€Å"New Left† movement of theRead MoreThe Concepts Following Sociological Imagination675 Words   |  3 Pages In this essay I’ll be talking about Sociological Imagination and the concepts following it and more especially the importance of it. Sociological Imagination is one of the core concepts of Sociology whereas Sociology is all about studying people within the society and what they do. Sociological imagination is all about using one’s mind to see how people are affected by tangible and intangible things around them. S ociological imagination is affected by social forces which are forces that influenceRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination, By C. Wright Mills799 Words   |  4 Pages The sociological imagination, a concept used by C. Wright Mills, is essentially the ability to perceive a situation or act in a much larger social context as well as examining the situation or act from many perspectives. In particular, it plays a paramount role in Donna Gaines Teenage Wasteland. It is a tragic story of 4 teens who together, committed suicide. The teens were deemed as â€Å"dropouts, druggies† [Teenage Wasteland 8.2] by newspapers and were still treated with disdain even after theirRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination : C. Wright Mills907 Words   |  4 Pageslimited to their day to day life and personal experiences that are directly related to them, they cannot see the bigger picture. They do not yet know that the sociological imagination can set them free from this trap and as C. Wright Mil ls said, In many ways it is a terrible lesson; in many ways a magnificent one.. The sociological imagination is truly an incredible thing. Most people go through life indeed feeling trapped by the personal troubles that plague their lives and some never even considerRead MoreWhat Can We Do? Becoming Part Of The Solution1619 Words   |  7 PagesThe Sociological Imagination is a concept first used by a well-known sociologist, C. Wright Mills, in 1959. In Mills article, The Promise, indicates that, The sociological imagination enables its possessor to understand the larger historical scene in terms of its meaning for the inner life and the external career of a variety of individuals(Mills, 3). Sociological imagination helps individuals to contemplate their own troubles in a deeper level and view their daily routines in an entirelyRead MoreCommon Sense Explanations And The Explanations Of C. Wright Mills Theory Of The Sociological Imagination1534 Words   |  7 PagesWright Mills theory of The Sociological Imagination. Common sense is based on people s person al experiences and their opinions, very often constructed from social norms and generalised views. Whereas, the Sociological Imagination thought up by sociologist C. Wright Mills (1959) is based on the ideas of thinking critically and skeptically, in order to think sociologically. He wrote that in order to do this, we have to understand and grasp the link between current society and history, personal troublesRead MoreThe Sociological Imagination By C. Wright Mills857 Words   |  4 PagesThe sociological imagination is simply the act of having the capacity to think ourselves away from the commonplace schedules of our day by day lives keeping in mind the end goal to take a gander at them with a new perspective. C. Wright Mills, who made the idea and composed a book about it, characterized the sociological creative ability as the clear attention to the connection amongst encounter and the more extensive society. The sociological imagination is the capacity to see things sociallyRead MoreThe Promise of Sociology by C. Wright Mills875 Words   |  3 Pages   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to C. Wright Mills, what occurs in any one individual s life is interrelated with society as a whole. The sociological imagination gives us the ability to understand the correlation of one s biography, history, and traditions along with the knowledge of the social and historical impact and/or influence society may have on that person or group of people. Mills notion compels us to investigate into an individual s biography and lifestyles, and place their findings within theRead MoreSociological Imagination s Critical Review1319 Words   |  6 PagesThe Sociological Imagination Critical Review Essay â€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two within society. This is its task and its promise.† C. Wright Mills writes about the sociological imagination in an attempt to have society become aware of the relationship between one’s personal experience in comparison to the wider society. By employing the sociological imagination into the real world, individuals are forced to perceive

Marketing Communication Plan for Nestle Click to Get Free Samples

Question: Discuss about theMarketing Communication Plan for Nestle. Answer: Introduction This report is discussed about the integrated marketing communication plan of a company which is manufacturing the food products for children. This report has been described the products of the company, target market, communication objectives of the company, creative strategy for communication plan and media strategy for proposed communication plan (Fifield, 2012). For the communication plan, the company Nestle in Australia has been taken. Nestle is famous as the leading nutrition company with the promise to provide good health and good taste in the products. The company has tagline good food, good life which suits its mission and objectives. The company has wide range of products such as food products, milk products, beverage etc. this report is about the communication plan of baby food provided by the company. There are various ranges of baby foods such as Cerelac, Gerber, Naturnes, Nestum etc. this reprt is about the instant food for the children having age under twelve (Turnbull Valla, 2013). Overview of Product Food is the essential elements for daily life. Nestle provides wide range of food products for the kids and youths. In the food products, the company has introduced instant food products such as Cerelac, Gerber, Naturnes, Nestum for the kids (Appendix). These are instant milk base foods that are very healthy for the kids. Nestle is very much concerned about the nutrition of the kids so, the company has introduced various products lines such as milk-based drinks, frozen foods, dairy products, ice cream, instant foods and chocolates. The products of the Nestle are distributed in more than 100 countries across the world. Nestle always focuses on to earn the trust of the consumers. It is focusing on creating sustainable value among the customers. It also creates suitability for stakeholders, business operations and marketing strategies. Company is providing the food products for the kids, so company have to develop the effective strategies for the success of the products (Nestle, 2015). Target Audience The main target market of Nestle will be the children who are under the age of 12. The reason of targeting children is that they are the future of the society. They need energy as they are at the growing age. The main aim of the company is to provide healthy food by the products. Along with this, children always have the positive look for things and enjoy new things. So, company wants that the children of the society will stat healthy and fit. Further, company will target the female consumers who are mothers as they are very concerned for their kids. Apart from this, company will focus on the behavioral segmentation so that consumer will give preference to the product again and again. Nestle is very famous for its quality and brand. Customers always have the psychological mindset and based on that, they seek for products which provide them stability. So, Nestle always provide best quality food products to the customers (Martnez, 2012). Communication Objectives It is very useful to attract the customers for the communication activities by the company. There are various advertisements that would be used in the communication plan. Different advertisements in posters, hoardings, and newspapers would be placed to attract the customers by Nestle. Along with this, the packaging materials will be eco friendly which would be used by the company (Dalman Min, 2014). The company Nestle has covered most of the Australian market and for the success of the product, company needs to develop an effective strategy to stay competitive in the market. Nestle is the famous brand among the customers so, the company needs effective marketing strategy for the success of the child product. The communication objectives if the company can be as follows: The targeted customers should consider the provided product of the company for some benefits. The company has the aim to provide good food in the products. So, this aim can be achieved by collecting information related to products. It is the objective that most of the market should prefer the child product of Nestle. This objective can be successful by increasing the effectiveness and awareness of the company. Nestle should attract new customers who never use the product before. This aim can be achieved by creating brand awareness of the product among the customers. Various advertisements should be done and attractive offers should be provided by the company to cover more market (Srivastava Thomas, 2010). Company needs to understand the intension of the customers for buying the food products. In todays environment, nothing is pure. The parents of the children want to provide best and healthy food to their children. So, company has to understand the purchasing intensity of the customers (Chakravarthy Coughlan, 2011). Above described communication objectives should be used by the company for the next five years to get strong position in the market. Creative Strategies Creative strategy can be described as the strategy which defines that what information should be given to the consumers by the various advertisements. For the advertisements of new product, there should be an effective and proper tagline to attract the customers. Nestle has the tagline good food, good life. This tagline is suitable for the company because this suits the communication objectives. The aim of the communication plan is to increase the awareness of the product among the customers. This campaign will be helpful to improve the brand image of the company. Through this campaign, the company will be able to capture market. The target market of the company will be children who are under the age of 12 and their mother who are concerned for the health of their kids (Kotler Keller, 2016). Media Plan Online Media The promotional strategy for the products is to market the product through online marketing. Online marketing is the popular and effective tool of marketing in the current time. For the marketing of the product, social media is very popular among the consumers as it captures almost more than half part of marketing (Epstein Yuthas, 2007). So, social media such as Facebook, Youtube and Twitter etc will be used for the communication plan. It is assumed that 55% of the total market will be used by Facebook, then 25% by Youtube, 22% by Google Plus and 22% by Twitter. Along with this, Email marketing will also be used in the campaign (Luttrell, 2016). Distribution of Information The methods of social media are very effective on the consumers but they are costly also. The methods include showing the advertisements on those channels which are very popular among the customers. This is very useful method to connect with the people in the market. With this, company can put the hoardings and posters on the busiest roads. This will also grasp the attention of the customers. This is one sided communication method of the company (Pavlou Stewart, 2015). Events For the promotional activities, events will be organized to capture the target market. In the events, consumers will be able to talk the marketing executives directly. The events by the company will be organized in the crowded places and malls. The organized events will be helpful to understand the needs and requirements of the customers. It will also be helpful to analyze the attitude of the consumers towards the customers (Gilligan Hird, 2012). Conclusion This report has been discussed about the integrated marketing campaign of the company Nestle. Nestle is famous for wide range of food products for every age group. By the discussion, it has been analyzed that the company Nestle is the leading food company in the Australian market. The company is focused on providing healthy food supplements for the children. These products can be taken to fulfill the necessities in the body. It is observed that company is very popular among the customers due to its product and service quality. But, to stay competitive in the market, it is necessary to develop effective marketing strategy by the company. References Luttrell, R., (2016), Social Media: How to Engage, Share, and Connect, Rowman Littlefield Srivastava, R., Thomas, G. (2010), Managing brand performance: Aligning positioning, execution and experience, 17(7), 465-471 Pavlou, P. A., Stewart, D. W., (2015), Interactive Advertising: A New Conceptual Framework Towards Integrating Elements of the Marketing Mix, pp. 218-222 Kotler P., Keller, (2016), Marketing Management, (15th), AUS: Pearson Education Gilligan, C., Hird, M., (2012),International Marketing Strategy and Management, 17 Fifield, P., (2012), Marketing strategy (2nd edition), Berlin: Reed educational publishing Pvt Ltd Epstein, M. J. Yuthas, K., (2007), Evaluating the Effectiveness of Internet Marketing Initiatives, accessed on 31st January 2017 from https://www.cimaglobal.com/Documents/ImportedDocuments/Tech_MAG_Evaluating_Internet_Marketing_April06.pdf Chakravarthy, B., Coughlan, S., (2011), Emerging market strategy: innovating both products and delivery systems, 40(1), 27 Nestle, (2015), Australian Packaging Covenant, accessed on 31st January 2017 from https://www.nestle.com.au/asset-library/documents/nestle-2012-2015-apc-convenant-action-plan-v3.1.pdf Dalman, M., Min, J. (2014), Marketing Strategy for Unusual Brand Differentiation: Trivial Attribute Effect, IJMS, 6(5) Martnez, P., (2012), The Consumer Mind: Brand Perception and the Implications for Marketers, USA: Kogan Page Ltd Turnbull, P. W., Valla, J. P., (2013),Strategies for international industrial marketing, USA: Croom Helm

What Were The Causes of The 1905 Revolution The Consequences of The Uprising Essay Example

What Were The Causes of The 1905 Revolution The Consequences of The Uprising Paper In January 1905 Russia was thrown into revolution triggered by the events of Bloody Sunday. The causes for the revolution are a mix of long term problems and short term causes that made them all surface at one time. Also they were many consequences from this event on the people, Tsar and Russia itself. The causes of the 1905 revolution in Russia can be traced back as far as 1861. The Tsar was the ruler of Russia and ruled by autocracy at a time when Europe as a whole was becoming more democratic and liberal. Russia was very much medieval in the 19th century in the fact that Serfdom still existed. The Serfs were peasants who were owned by the Tsar, according to law. The Serfs (80% of the population) became very disgruntled and Alexander II recognized this by granting them their freedom, through the Emancipation Act of 1861. He felt it was better to abolish Serfdom from above than to wait for the Serfs to liberate themselves from below. With hindsight this caused further problems, as even though it was a major step in modernizing Russia, the granting of limited freedom to the Serfs resulted in them calling for further rights, and thus a long term cause of the revolution of 1905. The Russian population was made up of a wide range in ethnic backgrounds, with over 22 different nationalities. Each group had their own customs, culture and religion and seeked independence. Alexander II tried to force Russian customs, culture, language and religion upon them. This was known as Russification and was a long term underlying problem in Russia. Alexander II did set up limited local authorities called Zemstva, which mainly concentrated on agricultural issues. We will write a custom essay sample on What Were The Causes of The 1905 Revolution The Consequences of The Uprising specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on What Were The Causes of The 1905 Revolution The Consequences of The Uprising specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on What Were The Causes of The 1905 Revolution The Consequences of The Uprising specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer This created greater awareness amongst the people and a liberal class of Intelligencia was set up. They wanted Russia to become democratic and opposed the Tsars autocratic rule and later became known as the Kadets. Their opposition towards him was a long term cause of the revolution. The Kadets went about achieving their aims through conventional methods, whilst there were extremist groups, such as The Peoples Will. They felt Alexander II had abandoned his earlier liberalizing policies and assassinated him in a bomb attack in 1881. The turn of events meant that Alexander III, the Tsars son, became Tsar even though he was regarded as too young and out of touch with the people to rule Russia. Firstly he sentenced the 5 assassins to death and then ushered in an era where all the previous freedoms granted by his father were abolished, as he felt they were the reason for his fathers death. This caused great tension amongst the peasants, liberals and revolutionaries as they felt bitter about Russia taking a step backwards into medieval times. This lack of democracy given to the people was a major cause for the revolution. Alexander III did not agree with his fathers reforms and when he came to power in 1881, he set about suppressing the peasants and all opposition to the Tsars. His Russification policy forced Russian culture on the 50 million non-Russians in the empire. The Jews also suffered greatly under his reign as Pogroms were organised attacks on the Jews which forced many to emigrate. Censorship was also increased and the freedom of universities was reduced. Alexanders mistakes lay in the fact that the people had got a taste of freedom under his father, and now he was taking it away again. Revolution was impending. There were many groups seeking revolution, with the main power being the Social Revolutionaries (SRs). During Alexanders reign extremist opposition to the autocracy also fermented. The Narodniks attempted to rally the peasants against the Tsar, but failed because of class differences. However, the Narodniks were to progress despite this initial failure and they became very influential in the 20th century in the form of he Bolsheviks. 1893-1903 was a time known as the great spurt. This was stimulated by the reforms of Sergei Witte, minister of finance. He believed in making Russian industries efficient as the best way to bring it to the level of industrialisation seen in Western Europe. He achieved his aims through heavily taxing the peasants, who were already paying redemption payments on land given to them under the Emancipation Act of 1861. This caused discontent amongst the peasants and edging them closer to revolution. Peasants flocked to the cities during the great spurt as jobs became available which were more rewarding than agriculture. This then created slums full of peasants with too many people for too few jobs. The economic downturn of 1903 caused huge problems for these urbanised workers and their anger was a short term cause of the 1905 revolution. There was little productivity and hunger and poverty was rife and in January 1905 workers began to strike in factories. To divert attention away from his domestic problems and to expand Russia whilst acquiring an ice free port, Alexander III decided a swift military victory over an easy opponent would patriotically make the people unite and forget their grievances so he decided to start war with Japan. The Japanese turned out to be a very efficient and intelligent fighting force, whose navy comprehensively beat and embarrassed the Russian navy. This placed the Tsar on very weak political ground as he now had egg on his face from attempting to use war as a diversion from domestic strife. Russia didnt lose because of their soldiers performance, but because of their military leaders which the Tsar was one of. Military ranks were given based on wealth and prestige, not by military tactical skill. These two factors were short term causes of the revolution. A general strike in Russia occurred in 1905, with both urban and rural workers protesting together. Father Gapon led a group of workers to the Winter palace with a petition for reforms for the Tsar. The protest was a peaceful one and the workers carried portraits and candles for the Tsar. However, the guards shot at the people, killing one thousand and injuring thousands more. This action completely alienated the people and their loyalty to the Tsar was no more. It was the political activation of the masses. This massacre, known as Bloody Sunday was the spark that started the 1905 revolution. The fact that it was the Tsar who ordered the guards to shoot upon the protestors was significant as he was seen as the father of the people, thus the people felt bitter about his actions. This was the spark that ignited the revolution; hence it took one event for the people to do what some wanted to happen at least fifty years back, the overthrow of the Tsar. The Tsar had always been able to crush opposition as the main groups, middle class, peasants and workers werent united in their goals but now that for the first time they had become a united opposition force, signified by the Union of Unions whose aim was to form a broad-based alliance. Thus the Tsar faced huge problems and his government steadily lost control of events and the country was on the verge of anarchy as Social Revolutionaries and others instigated revolts country wide, strikes caused production to grind to a halt and bring the country to its knees economically. By October the Tsar was facing revolution against him so decided to concede to the forces of opposition and in doing so tried and successfully split them. By introducing the October Manifesto, in which he said all laws were to be approved by an elected duma, he satisfied the liberals, whose aim was to turn Russia into a constitutional monarchy, which it had seemed to achieve. The government then abolished land redemption payments, causing the peasants to be satisfied so only the workers were left as opposition. Returning troops stayed loyal and crushed the workers. There were many consequences of the revolution. By December 1905 many of the leading insurgents of the revolution were exiled to Serbia. As mentioned Russia was now a constitutional monarchy, in theory. The Tsar never intended to let the Duma have any power and able to attack him on the economy, so he a received a loan from France as a reward for reforming by introducing democracy. Now that he was safe financially and had a loyal army, he introduced the fundamental laws, in which he again stated that he alone was the ruler of Russia and all laws had to be approved by him, thus making the Duma insignificant before they first met in April-June 1906. Finance Minister, Sergei Witte was replaced due to suspicions of not being committed to the Tsar by Peter Stolypin, who became prime minister in 1906. He granted peasant out right ownership of their land. The Tsar was arguably in a stronger position than he was pre-revolution due to breaking up of opposition, satisfying peasants and exacted revenge on those who tried to topple him, this was the main consequence of the revolution. The 1905 Revolution was seen as many as the blueprint for the 1917 Revolution.

Profit sharing Essay Example

Profit sharing Essay Whichever programme is taken most of the training will take place on the shop floor. The experience of working in more than one selling department is given, as well as in some behind-the-scenes functions such as finance and the supply chain. Practical training will be supplemented by formal training sessions. These may include personal coaching, help from subject experts, a specific training course and easy-to-use training resources. There are no prescribed time limits to complete the programme, but a target date will be made by the manager and staff trainer. Regular progress meetings will allow quality time to discuss achievements and any areas for development. Training in John Lewis is also quite good: giving different types of training for people and also no specific time is given for most of the program, making it more convenient for the employee’s as well as people who might want a career in John Lewis receives and also the people who are going to work for a short period of time or students applying for work experience or only working in their vacation gets a different type of training which is better since it saves time and money but on the other hand it also is a disadvantage since the people applying for a short time will have a different place and different people to teach them therefore this also wastes time and money. Motivation The Human resource department is also responsible for motivating the employees. Motivation is the desire of an individual to work and to get involved in activities. Money, and the way it is pa id, can affect motivation to work. We will write a custom essay sample on Profit sharing specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Profit sharing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Profit sharing specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer These are some of the most usual payment systems: Time rate or ‘wages’ Paying by the number of hours worked. Piece rate Paying by the number of items (pieces) produced. Overtime Extra pay for work done over and above normal working hours. It is usually paid at a higher hourly rate, e. g. double time means twice the normal hourly rate. Shift payments Usually paid for working unsocial hours such as night work. Bonus payments A special single payment for achieving a target. Profit sharing A percentage of the company’s profit is shared amongst the workers. A loyalty bonus can be used to persuade workers to stay with their employer for a long period of time. Employees may not want to work longer than their contracted hours but they can often be persuaded to do so by receiving a higher rate of pay. A perk is a payment in kind; instead of giving money the employer might provide: Cars, health insurance, free uniform, discounted products, and first class travel. Most people work to satisfy needs of one kind or another. Non-financial motivators are things other than money that motivate people to work. Abraham Maslow developed his hierarchy of needs based on research about what motivates people to work. He suggested that there were 5 levels of need that influence a person’s behavior. 1. Basic needs – A person starts at the bottom of the hierarchy and will initially seek to satisfy basic needs (e. g. food, shelter). 2. Safety needs – Safety needs at work could include physical safety (e. g. protective clothing) as well as protection against unemployment, loss of income through sickness etc). 3. Social needs – Social needs recognize that most people want to belong to a group. These would include the need for love and belonging (e. g. working with colleague who support you at work, teamwork, communication) 4. Self-esteem needs – Esteem needs are about being given recognition for a job well done. They reflect the fact that many people seek the esteem and respect of others. A promotion at work might achieve this 5. Self-actualization – Self-actualization is about how people think about themselves – this is often measured by the extent of success and/or challenge at work People are only truly motivated by enabling them to reach for and satisfy the factors that Herzberg identified as real motivators, such as personal growth, development, etc. , which represent a far deeper level of meaning and fulfillment.

Women Studies Rape

Women Studies Rape Introduction Rape is a misdemeanor offense in which an individual mandates to have sexual contact without his or her approval. Though majority rapes are never accounted for, the figure of occurrences documented in the United States tremendously increased between 1970 and 1986. It is not in fact acknowledged if the number of rapes is augmented or if additional victims are enthusiastic to report the cases. Indignity, terror of retribution or denial and the shock of a court audition are regular causes for refusal to testify against a sexual felony (Williams, 2002).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Women Studies: Rape specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More History of Rape The record of society’s appreciation to sexual aggression has its pedigree in English assets law. The problem of sexual attack did not come into the realization of the United States’ civil society until the feminist pressure groups of th e 1960s. Feminists perceived rape as an instrument for upholding patriarchy, a brutal technique of stirring up horror in women and strengthening their inferiority to men. This perspective has fashioned the approach in our culture in describing and conceptualizing sexual violence presently. Kids who are induced to hostility between their relatives are possibly caught up in brutal love affairs when they become adults. The configuration of the family appears to have effects on the feelings and conducts of kids brought up in them. Aggressive sex delinquents are known to be prone rape compared to other grownups that experienced deprived parental upbringing, unfortunate control, corporal violence, abandonment, and separation from their parents. The Causes of Rape Cultural Expectations and Rape myths Prospects conveyed by culture classically push men to believe they are greater, unrestricted and that they are supposed to be constantly on the sentry for and prepared to kick off sex in their affairs with women. Simultaneously, these sexual writings train women to believe that they are in charge of situating the confines and speed of sexual intercourse in their interaction with men. Rape folklores naturally reject the reality of sexual attack, justify it and lessen the gravity of its consequences. Virtually all cultures accept rape and have instruments that are responsible for sexual aggression. The Media and the School Since the beginning days of contemporary feminist’s pressure groups, women challenged that pornography facilitated sexual violence towards females depicts them as not anything apart from sex items, an outlook that is backed by research. Television and cinemas frequently pass the information that such brutality functions to demean women. Involvement in group activities could augment the danger of sexual violence. Peers are extra powerful in determining personality actions than environmental science, individuality, kin, faith, or traditions (Scott Glenna, 1994).Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Psychopathology and Individuality Qualities Men involved in rape cases have been spotted with a broad range of psychiatric and character disarrays, mainly disruptive individuality confusion. However, personality gauging of rapists has established that there is no momentous variation between sexual delinquents and those confined for platonic felonies. The extent of participation in sexually coercive actions seems to be correlated to individual quantities of capriciousness, deficiency of collective sense of right and wrong and a worth course legalizing antagonism, predominantly against women. The largest part findings have summarized that there is much of heterogeneity amongst rapists and that sexual violence is caused by various dynamics. In fact, it has been alleged that the personality data of rapist criminals mor e directly counterparts the personality data of men in the broad populace as compared to any other forms of crimes (Hooks, 2000). Masculinity and Power Drives Research has established that drives of supremacy and rage are more famous in rapists’ justification of sexual violence than sexual wishes are. Sexually hostile men candidly confess that their sexual desires are antagonistic and brutal. The level of affiliation between a man and a woman may perhaps influence the likelihood of aggression. A number of researches propose that men who rape on initial or subsequent dates possibly will have connection to outsider raping while men who rape near the beginning in what or else materialize to be an increasing association may just misconceive their partners’ meaning (Allison Wrightsman, 1993) Feminist Movements Feminist movements refer to numerous attempts put in place to bring about change. For instance, they attempt to bring about an end to brutality against women, provid e the same chances for men and women, allow women sufficient motherhood leave and bring to a halt pestering of women sexually. Women have since time in memorial been fatalities of socio-cultural unfairness. The feminist lobby groups have managed to penetrate through inflexible socio-cultural structure in society primarily through backing female child education. The entire globe no longer practices female injustice by handing over minor roles to women. In its place, some women have raised to sky-scraping positions in politics and finance (Harris, 1990).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Women Studies: Rape specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Islamic Feminism Islamic feminism is apprehensive about the position of women in Islam and aspires for the complete egalitarianism among Muslims, despite of sex, in civic and personal life. Even though it is ingrained in Islam, the association’s founders have made use of worldly and Western feminist discourse. Campaigners of the lobby group try to underscore the extremely deep-seated experience of impartiality in the Quran and query the patriarchal explanation of Islamic philosophy through the Quran, hadith (maxim of Muhammad) and sharia (rule) towards the formation of a new, identical and fair society. Lots of ayaat (stanzas) of the Qur’an appear to pronounce gentleman/womanly sameness. Fundamentally, human beings are identical. They are merely differentiated among themselves on the origin of their legal observations or execution of the essential Quranic standard of integrity (Rhouni, 2001). Therefore, there is no disagreement between feminism and being religious. On one occasion, we identify feminism as consciousness of limits erected in front of women since sex, dismissal of restrictions erected on women, and attempts to create and employ unbiased gender structure are all patriarchal efforts meant to derail women efforts in the society (Bergen, 1996). Feminist movements in the Middle East employ three approaches. The approaches include first, reinterpreting ayaat of the Quran to rectify bogus information in frequent circulation. Secondly, it involves quoting ayaat that indisputably pronounce the egalitarianism of women and men and lastly, delink the section of ayaat conscientious to male and female variation that has been frequently construed in ways that rationalize male supremacy (Treanor, 2002). Conclusion In general, research on the roots of sexual brutality has paid attention to two forms of premises those entrenched in individuality of the delinquent, and those that spot distinctiveness of culture in which we exist. None the theories fully elucidates the occurrence of sexually brutal activities in our civilization. Modern research in the discipline of sexual hostility points out that an incorporated theory will possibly have the superlative ability of amplifying what causes sexual cruelty in our culture. The police officer, with little research information thought indecent dressing causes sexual violence. References Allison, J. Wrightsman, L. (1993). Rape: The Misunderstood Crime. California: Sage.Advertising Looking for research paper on gender studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Bergen, R. (1996). Wife Rape: Understanding the Response of Survivors and Service Providers. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications. Harris, A. (1990). Essentialism in Feminism legal theory. American Sociological Journal. 42, 35-71. Hooks, B. (2000). Feminist theory: from margin to center. Cambridge, Massachusetts: South End Press. Rhouni, R. (2001). Women and Gender, the Middle East and the Islamic world. Web. Scott, S. Glenna, S. (1994). Housework in Marital and Non-marital Households. American Sociological Review, 59(3), 17-31. Treanor, N. (2002).The feminist movement. Farmington Hills, ML: Green haven Press Williams, M. (2002). The Sexual Revolution. Farmington Hills, ML: Green haven Press

Econmics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Econmics - Essay Example These days the term often makes us bring to mind Keynesian economics or shamanic bear rituals. However these animal spirits were neither of them animals nor spirits. Exactly how ought to we process them? In English, the term ‘spirit’ refers to something from the Holy Ghost to gin. In reality, this kind of ambiguity is present all through the romance languages, deriving from the Roman spiritus animales. With similar root as inhale and run out (spiro which means ‘I breathe’) spiritus primarily means breath, after that breath of existence, hence also disposition, determination, and even ghost. In a similar fashion, the meanings of anima vary from inhale to essential theory and sensible soul. (Mlambiti, 2006, p. 82) Our animal spirits may be much better translated, then as life-carrying liquids or essential liquids. John Locke pictured all of them as â€Å"fluid and subtle Matter, transferring through the Conduits of the Nerves†. These were assumed to transfer data between sense organs, mind and muscle tissues. In accordance with George A. Arkerlof and Robert J. Shiller (2009), Keynes looked at the animal spirits as the primary reason for exactly why the economic system varies as it does and those animal spirits can be the primary factor for the involuntary joblessness. To fully grasp the economy thus is to have an understanding of how it is related to the animal spirits. In the same way, Adam Smith’s unseen hand is the keynote of the traditional economics, Keynes’ Animal Spirits are the keynote to a completely different perspective of the financial system – a perspective that describes the root instabilities of capitalism and also the various rates of financial growth within and between countries in the world. (Keynes, 1921, p. 333) As per Arkerlof and Shiller (2009), there are actually five distinct facets of animal spirits theory which have an effect on economic judgments. These are generally assurance, fairness, corruption and